The aim of the lecture is to present the guidelines for the selection of calls for project proposals and then the way in which project proposals are designed. Special attention will be paid to the formulation of hypotheses, objectives and outcomes of the project, as these parts are often a challenge when writing project proposals and a weak point where points are lost. During the lecture, examples of good and bad formulations as well as the reviewer's assessment will be shown. At the end of the lecture, the structure and relationships between the basic components of the project proposal are summarized.