Department of Neurobiology is founded in the early sixties, by Acad. Prof. Ljubisav Rakić at the "Siniša Stanković" Institute for Biological Research, University of Belgrade. During the last 50 years, the investigations at the Department have contributed to the examination of fundamental nervous system processes. Department of Neurobiology consists of the following laboratories: Molecular Neurobiology, Neurochemistry and Neurophysiology, and represents the scientific ground for undergraduate and PhD programs. Presently, there are 40 members of Department. Members of the Department are lecturers at undergraduate and PhD studies (programme: Molecular Biology and Neurosciences) at the Faculty of Biology (BF), University of Belgrade.

The research at the Department is focused on several areas:

Behavioral and electrophysiological studies of the CNS
The biochemical organization of the CNS
Neuroimmunology
Molecular and behavioral studies of brain plasticity
Neurodegenerative diseases of the CNS
Cancer and gene therapy of brain tumors (animal model of multi-drug resistant glioma, mechanisms of multi-drug resistance, new therapeutic approaches)
Biochemical and molecular basis of brain injury and repair
Therapeutical and pharmaceutical approaches in the treatment of CNS disorders
The neurobiology of sleep and sleep-related breathing in the animal models of healthy aging and neurodegenerative diseases, and identification of the neural networks responsible for the regulation of sleep and breathing pattern in different sleep/wake states